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Vacuum Heat Treatment Furnace

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Vacuum Chemical Heat Treatment and Vacuum Quenching Technology

1. Vacuum Chemical Heat Treatment Technology

Vacuum carburizing. Using propane cracking gas (CH4-H2) and pulse technology. The oxygen probe was used to measure and control the atmosphere of ethanol infiltrating agent, and the clutch gear was vacuum carburized. The effective hardened layer depth was 0.64mm, the hardness was 900HV0.1, and the surface was silver-gray without carbon black.

Vacuum carbonitriding. Vacuum carbonitriding can further reduce the deformation of the parts, improve the wear and corrosion resistance of the parts, thereby greatly improving the product quality.

Vacuum ion heat treatment technology:

Ion nitriding: Because the nitriding temperature is low, the gear deformation is small. For slender shafts, the gravity must pass through its own axis and be in a vertical state to reduce deformation. In order to further increase the nitriding rate, adding an appropriate amount of rare earth organic solution to the atmosphere can increase the nitriding rate.

Ion carburizing: For aviation gears processed by a company, the ion carburizing layer is much more uniform than gas carburizing, and the depth of the tooth root layer is 86% of the pitch circle. The blind hole length/radius value of the uniform carburized layer obtained by this process is approximately twice that of gas carburizing. High temperature ion carburizing (>1000℃) can increase the carburizing speed.

Ion carbonitriding: This heat treatment technology adds an appropriate amount of N2 or NH3 in the carburizing atmosphere, and ion carbonitriding at 780～860℃.

2. Vacuum Quenching Technology

Vacuum oil quenching. The allowable oil temperature can reach 55～190℃ during vacuum oil quenching. The large-capacity oil tank with multiple stirrers, baffles and heat exchangers can ensure uniform oil circulation of the entire workpiece, and the temperature rise of the oil when quenching the entire workpiece is maintained at <4°C, ensuring reduced deformation . With 920℃ vacuum oil quenching, the surface is non-oxidized and decarburized, and the performance is uniform, which solves the problem of quenching deformation of complex precision parts. For example, XT754 CNC milling machine headstock 40Cr steel gear, using reduced temperature (Ac3+10℃) heating micro-deformation vacuum oil quenching, reached the level 5 accuracy, and solved the key production problems.

Negative pressure gas quenching. Use nitrogen, helium and hydrogen for sub-temperature negative pressure (such as nitrogen, 0.9×105Pa) gas quenching.

High pressure gas quenching. Use nitrogen, helium, hydrogen and He+N2 to perform high pressure (such as 20×105Pa) gas quenching on general alloy structural steel gears. Advanced gas quenching technology also realizes intermittent quenching, controlled cooling, gas grading and isothermal operation according to the program. The relay and solenoid valve control system is used to chill the critical air volume in the pearlite zone, and the small air volume in the martensite zone is slowly cooled to avoid deformation and cracking; even three-stage cooling operation is realized. Nitrogen gas quenching is currently the most commonly used, and can reach a pressure of 2MPa (20bar). 85% to 95% of the installed equipment is nitrogen gas quenching.

Vacuum nitrate austempering. Vacuum nitrate austempering obtains lower bainite structure with higher comprehensive performance and less deformation.