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Structure and Characteristics of Vertical Vacuum Water Quenching Furnace

1. The structure diagram of the vertical vacuum water quenching furnace, as shown in Figure 1:

Fig. 1 Vertical vacuum water quenching furnace structure diagram

2. The main technical parameters of the equipment are as follows:

Maximum temperature: 1350 C; working range: 550 C~1250 C

Temperature uniformity: ≤±3C

Vacuum degree of heating chamber: ≤5X10-3PA

Heating chamber pressure rise rate: <0.5Pa/h

Vacuum degree of quenching chamber: <10 Pa

Pressure rise rate of quenching chamber: ≤0.5Pa/h

Quenching delay time: <6s

Quenching medium temperature: 10-15C

3. The structure and characteristics of the heating chamber

The furnace shell of the hot chamber is welded by a double-layer steel plate roll, and the interlayer is filled with cooling water to form a cold wall, so the equipment does not have any pollution and temperature radiation effects on the surrounding environment. The hot chamber is equipped with a water-cooled electrode interface that inputs electrical energy to the hot field. Introduce temperature control thermocouple interface, furnace temperature uniformity measurement interface, vacuum system interface, partial pressure charging pipeline interface, vacuum gauge tube seat interface and air release valve interface. The thermal field consists of 3 layers of key screens and 3 layers of stainless steel screens. To form a heat shield, the heating belt is made of molybdenum-lanthanum alloy plate and connected to the water-cooled electrode, and the water-cooled electrode is made of molybdenum-lanthanum alloy plate and connected to the water-cooled electrode. The water-cooled electrode introduces low-voltage and large-current electric energy, and the thermal field carries The frame is composed of a stainless steel metal plate. The molybdenum screen and the stainless steel screen are fixed on the metal plate of the furnace tank with molybdenum rods. Therefore, the furnace itself is an integral structure. The molybdenum-lanthanum alloy heating belt is evenly arranged around the inside of the furnace. The module The heating chamber is equipped with “S” type dual-core thermocouple, one for control, the other for recording and to ensure safety. The thermoelectric compensation wire is connected to the Eurotherm 2604 temperature control instrument with integral proportional band and digital display function. , Adjusted by thyristor.

The pressure regulator adjusts the voltage on the side of the transformer to complete the precise control of the temperature of the thermal field. The vacuum pipeline of the heating chamber is connected to the high vacuum system composed of a three-stage pump group consisting of a slide valve pump, a roots pump and a diffusion pump, which can make the thermal field vacuum degree. Up to 10-3 PA level, this heating chamber is all composed of metal screens, which is a clean and ideal thermal field without carbon elements for titanium alloys.

4. Quenching chamber structure and characteristics

The quenching chamber is a circular and simple special structure, equipped with quenching water medium, equipped with a mechanical transmission system for horizontal transfer, which realizes the operation of three stations in the quenching chamber. The most important one of the operating stations is the connection with the heating chamber. For the workstation, the quenching in the water medium can be completed only after the dual-chamber docking is completed. The quenching chamber is equipped with an elevator carrying system for the processed titanium alloy workpiece to be sent to the heating chamber. When the solution heating is completed, the elevator will The titanium alloy workpiece is quickly transferred from the heat field of the heating chamber to the quenching water tank to complete the solution quenching treatment, and the transfer time is less than 6S. The quenching chamber is equipped with an independent vacuum system to ensure that the titanium alloy workpiece is transferred to the quenching chamber in the heating chamber It is not oxidized in the process of quenching. The quenching tank is equipped with water temperature sensor, heater, refrigeration system, water level sensor and a set of water stirring system to achieve precise control of the temperature of the quenching medium. The water stirring system strongly stirs the quenching medium in order to improve cooling The effect is to give titanium alloy workpieces more uniform cooling.

5. Advantages of vertical vacuum water quenching furnace

After the titanium alloy workpiece is heated and kept warm, enter the water medium from the heating chamber until the workpiece is completely immersed. The time taken to complete the entire transfer process of solution treatment is the quenching delay time. Theoretically, the smaller the quenching delay time, the better, otherwise the delay will increase. With the increase of time, the surface temperature of the titanium alloy workpiece decreases, which is very unfavorable to the martensitic transformation and microstructure of the titanium alloy material, thereby affecting the performance. Especially for a+β titanium alloy, practical experience shows that the quenching delay time should be controlled Below 8s, otherwise the a phase on the structure will nucleate and grow at the original β phase boundary first, which will seriously affect the mechanical properties of the titanium alloy in the quenched state). Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of the workpiece processed by the vertical vacuum water quenching furnace from the heating chamber to the quenching chamber. The diagram shows that the workpiece is completed solution treatment from the vertical vacuum water quenching furnace, and it only needs to fall vertically without n-type operation Trajectory, the workpiece running time is relatively shortened, which can reach
<6s, and there is no water vapor pollution of the vacuum pump set, which shows great superiority compared with the horizontal vacuum water quenching furnace. In addition, the vertical structure is very suitable for the long rod-shaped structure with weak hardenability In the solution heat treatment of A+β titanium alloy parts, the amount of distortion is very small.