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Introduction to Heat Treatment of Martensitic Stainless Steel

Commonly used martensitic stainless steel has a carbon mass fraction of 0.1% to 0.45%, and a chromium content of 12% to 14% (mass fraction). It belongs to chromium stainless steel, usually referred to as Cr13 stainless steel. Typical steel grades are 1Cr13, 2Cr13, 3Cr13, 4Cr13, etc. This type of steel is generally used to make various valves, pumps and other parts that can withstand loads and require corrosion resistance, as well as some stainless tools.

In order to improve the corrosion resistance, the mass fraction of martensitic stainless steel carbon is controlled in a very low range, generally not more than 0.4%. The lower the mass fraction of carbon, the better the corrosion resistance of the steel. The higher the mass fraction of carbon, the higher the mass fraction of carbon in the matrix, and the higher the strength and hardness of the steel; the higher the mass fraction of carbon, The more carbides that form chromium, the worse the corrosion resistance. It is not difficult to see that the strength and hardness of 4Cr13 are better than 1Cr13, but its corrosion resistance is not as good as 1Cr13.

1Cr13 and 2Cr13 have the ability to resist atmospheric, steam and other media corrosion, and are often used as corrosion-resistant structural steel. In order to obtain good overall performance, quenching and high temperature tempering (600~700℃) are often used to obtain tempered sorbite to manufacture steam turbine blades and boiler tube accessories. Because the carbon content of 3Cr13 and 4Cr13 steel is relatively high, the corrosion resistance is poor. Through quenching + low temperature tempering (200~300℃), tempered martensite is obtained, which has higher strength and hardness (50HRC). ), therefore, it is often used as tool steel to manufacture medical equipment, cutting tools, hot oil pump shafts, etc.