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What are vacuum brazed diamond tools

Application of vacuum brazing technology in diamond tool production

The high hardness and excellent physical and mechanical properties of diamond make diamond tools an indispensable and effective tool for processing various hard materials. The adhesion of the matrix metal matrix to diamond (the encapsulation ability of the matrix) is one of the main factors affecting the service life and performance of diamond tools.

Due to the high interfacial energy between diamond and general metals and alloys, diamond particles cannot be wetted by general low-melting point alloys, and their adhesion is extremely poor. In traditional manufacturing technology, diamond particles are only produced by cold shrinkage of the matrix. The generated mechanical clamping force is embedded in the matrix metal base without forming a strong chemical bond or metallurgical bond, causing the diamond particles to easily separate from the matrix metal base during work, which greatly reduces the life and performance level of the diamond tool. The utilization rate of diamonds in most impregnated tools is low, and a large amount of expensive diamonds fall off and are lost in waste during work. Lin Zengdong and others were the first to use diamond surface metallization technology to give the diamond surface many new properties, such as excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, good thermal stability, improve its original physical and chemical properties, and improve its wettability to metal or alloy solutions.

The brazed diamond saw blade is a single layer of diamond. During the vacuum brazing process, the diamond and the matrix are bonded together through the chemical metallurgy of the brazing material.

The brazing filler metal will react with diamond, but like the matrix, it has the property of not damaging diamond. In this way, the diamond and the matrix are integrated into a whole, and the diamond’s holding power is enhanced. After the reaction, the solder is very thin, most of the diamond is outside, and about 70% will participate in grinding. The grinding efficiency is very high and there will be no clogging. Grinding a workpiece is like cutting tofu.

At present, the use of vacuum brazing to produce diamond (or cubic boron nitride) tools has begun to become a hot technology, but it is only limited to single-layer tools. Vacuum brazing technology can achieve chemical metallurgical bonding at the interface between diamond, binding agent (brazing alloy material) and metal matrix, with high bonding strength. Due to the high bonding strength at the interface, only a thin bond thickness is enough to firmly hold the abrasive grains, and its exposed height can reach 70% to 80%, making full use of the abrasives and greatly extending the life of the tool. and processing efficiency. Compared with traditional technology, the maximum allowable cutting edge value of diamond tools can be increased by more than 50%. Under the condition that the power consumption of the tool does not increase or decreases, the diamond consumption of the workpiece material per unit volume is reduced by more than half. Compared with electroplating tools, it also shows incomparable advantages. In short, vacuum brazing technology has good development prospects in the diamond tool manufacturing process.