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Vacuum heat treatment technology for tool steel

Vacuum quenching technology for 50CrV steel needles

Material: 50CrV steel

Technical requirements: hardness is 45~50HRC, depth of enlargement and decarburization after vacuum heat treatment is ≤0.075mm, and bending deformation is ≤0.15mm.

The technical requirements for vacuum heat treatment of steel needles are: the end of the steel needle cannot process the ejector pin hole, so the deformation caused by vacuum heat treatment cannot be solved by leaving a machining allowance. After vacuum heat treatment, it cannot be straightened separately, so only reasonable The heat treatment process can solve this problem.

The characteristics of vacuum heat treatment are non-oxidative decarburization, small quenching deformation, and bright surface. Preheating can reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the part, and can control deformation and cracking during the heating process to a minimum. Therefore, vacuum oil quenching can effectively solve this problem. Process issues.

Steel needles are extremely slender parts. The quenching time of 50CrV should be less than 15s to ensure that the quenching hardness meets the technical requirements. Considering that it is easy to deform during quenching and cooling, a suitable quenching fixture must be designed to have good quenching deformation. The control function is to fix the steel needle on the outer wall of the appropriate steel pipe after using the steel wire to string the steel needle holes. It should ensure that the gap along the circumferential arrangement of the steel pipe is minimum. 50CrV steel needles have high hardenability and can fully obtain the required structure, hardness, etc. in oil with small deformation. It should be noted that the deformation of parts mostly occurs during the quenching and cooling process. The combined effect of thermal stress and structural stress is the cause of the deformation of parts. Therefore, reasonable heating equipment and quenching fixtures are adopted to ensure that the vacuum heat treatment The key to quality compliance.

Tempering of the 50CrV steel needle after vacuum quenching can be carried out in a vacuum furnace, but in order to avoid oxidation and deformation during the tempering process, a tempering fixture should be used to place the steel needle into the steel pipe and surround it with iron filings and charcoal. Filling protection, both ends of the pipe are blocked with asbestos rope or asbestos cloth, and hung vertically into the furnace. This measure can reduce the straightening and grinding processes after heat treatment. After heat treatment, it fully meets the technical requirements and improves operating efficiency and It reduces the cost and provides conditions for the heat treatment of slender rod parts with very strict requirements.

High speed steel drill bit vacuum air quenching technology

Material; W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel, etc.

Technical requirements: hardness 60~65HRC, deformation ≤0.10mm

The parts are: small drill bit of ∅1.5~∅2.5mm

Considering that this part is relatively small, if it is placed flat on the tooling, the furnace capacity will be small and it will not be easy to operate. Therefore, insert them into the casing drilled in the outer circle and place them vertically on the tooling, leaving half the diameter of the casing between them to facilitate heating and cooling.

Considering that some metal elements are easy to volatilize at high temperatures, which will cause parts to stick to each other and become difficult to separate, a method is adopted to fill the heating chamber with a small amount of high-purity nitrogen during the heating and heat preservation stage above 1000°C to reduce the vacuum by about 133Pa. This method solves the problem of adhesion. The surface of the parts after vacuum air quenching is bright and silvery gray, and the life of the drill bit is significantly improved.

Considering that the deformation of parts is small after vacuum heat treatment, in order to reduce production costs and reduce the grinding machining allowance after vacuum heat treatment of parts, it is recommended that the parts be increased in machining allowance before vacuum heat treatment and vacuum tempering is performed at the same time. The life of the drill bit is significantly improved and is economical. The benefits are considerable.

Vacuum quenching technology for thread milling cutters

Material: Cr12MoV steel

Technical requirements: hardness 63~66HRC, deformation less than 0.02mm.

The parts are: ∅135mm×37mm×37mm.

Cr12MoV steel is a high alloy steel with poor thermal conductivity. It is heated in stages and gas quenched after insulation heating at 1020℃. The pressure is 5×105Pa. The core cooling time from 1020℃ to 500℃ is 45min and continues to cool to 80℃. ℃ takes 15 minutes, so the rectification process time is 4.2 hours, and the hardness and deformation meet the process requirements.