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Vacuum Heat Treatment in Mechanical Manufacturing

Vacuum quenching treatment can be regarded as a transformation process. After austenitization, the steel transforms into a cooling state, and then begins to transform into bainite or martensite. With the help of vacuum quenching, the hardness of the steel will be increased to meet production standards. Vacuum quenching has a wide range of applications, and can show the best effect in many operations, such as molds, which can increase hardness and improve wear resistance through vacuum quenching. During vacuum quenching, it is necessary to select suitable vacuum quenching cooling medium and temperature to ensure the quality and effect of vacuum quenching. When carrying out vacuum quenching treatment on steel parts, the operator should first clarify its key components, and then set the optimal vacuum quenching temperature on this basis; During vacuum quenching, the vacuum quenching medium is crucial. During the selection of the cooling medium for vacuum quenching, it is necessary to consider the cooling speed of the medium to ensure that it is in a slow cooling state. If it is a fast cooling state, the inside of the steel will be disturbed by strong internal stress, resulting in deformation, cracking, etc. , making the quality of steel vacuum quenching poor. During practice, most machinery manufacturing companies often use water as the vacuum quenching medium, because of its good cooling properties, low cost, and great heat capacity; located in high temperature areas, mineral oil lacks good cooling properties, and is located in high temperature areas. In the low temperature area, its cooling performance is extremely strong, and many companies use mineral oil as the main cooling medium during the vacuum quenching of alloy steel based on this feature.

(2) Steel vacuum tempering process

After the vacuum quenching process is performed on the steel, the vacuum tempering process can be carried out. As far as the vacuum tempering process is concerned, it means that after the vacuum quenching, its carbides and martensite decomposition products have agglomeration effect and diffuse. During vacuum quenching, when the cooling rate is slightly faster, a large internal stress will be generated inside the steel part. At this time, the key to using the vacuum tempering process is to stabilize the internal structure of the steel part to avoid its shape change or split phenomenon. In practice, the vacuum tempering temperature is often divided into the following categories, namely high temperature, medium temperature and low temperature. Under different temperature environments, steel parts will react differently. For example, high temperature vacuum tempering can eliminate the internal stress of steel parts, and medium temperature vacuum tempering can improve the plasticity of steel parts. The toughness is protected, and the low temperature vacuum tempering can reduce the internal stress of the steel and improve its hardness.

(3) Surface treatment of steel parts

In the process of mechanical manufacturing, many parts in the machine need to operate based on dynamic load and friction environment. In this case, the corresponding parts need to have a certain degree of wear resistance and hardness, and the core should also have a certain strength, so Only then can it bear various loads and frictional stress, and support the smooth implementation of production. In specific practice, the vacuum quenching and vacuum tempering process of steel cannot meet the production requirements of the corresponding parts. How to choose an effective vacuum heat treatment process to improve the performance of the parts and increase the strength has become a problem that must be considered and solved. In this context, the surface treatment process of steel parts was born in time. This process is specifically used to treat the surface of steel parts. By changing the structure of steel parts, its performance and strength are improved, and its bearing capacity to various loads is strengthened.

Application of vacuum heat treatment process in machinery manufacturing

During the grinding process, it is supplemented by the process of the vacuum heat treatment process: it is suitable for the grinding process with the help of high-precision dimensions, and the vacuum quenching and vacuum tempering process is selected. Roughness affects machining. In this regard, it is necessary to select the appropriate grinding wheel particle size and efficient coolant for vacuum heat treatment. During the vacuum heat treatment, the quenching and tempering process should be selected for wheels with a hardness of 300~400HB. After the gears are subjected to vacuum quenching treatment, the length of the common normal will change. When cold-working rough products with greater cracking, the common normal should be limited to the middle and lower parts. To ensure that the tolerance range after vacuum heat treatment meets the standard. As far as the vacuum heat treatment route and processing supply and demand are concerned, it is necessary to ensure that the vacuum quenched products are basically formed before the vacuum heat treatment is carried out; for the products that are easy to crack, the full-field intermediate frequency vacuum quenching process should be selected. As far as the quenching and tempering of large-module tooth blanks is concerned, affected by the depth of the hardened layer, it is necessary to select the method of first opening the teeth and then quenching and tempering to ensure that the tooth root is fully hardened. To be consistent with the hardness, fatigue, and bending fatigue strength requirements in the design standards, the following methods can be selected: First, select the teeth of large-module gears to be grooved and tempered, first grooved and then cooled, and through this, the cooling conditions of the teeth are adjusted. Second, the selection is based on the hardenability of the steel, and the alloy elements with low hardenability are the main elements to reduce the cost.

With the development of society and the development and progress of modern industrial technology, the application of vacuum heat treatment technology in machinery manufacturing is becoming more and more important. For example, machining and vacuum heat treatment can effectively deal with surface roughness, reduce the hardness of quenching and tempering, and reasonably solve the problem of cooperation between machining and vacuum heat treatment in the manufacturing process, so that the manufacturing capacity of machinery manufacturing enterprises can be improved to higher level.