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Types and uses of cold working die steel

Introduction of tool steel

Tool steel can be divided into cutting tool steel, die steel, gauge steel, impact-resistant tool steel and roll steel according to its use. For commonly used die steel, it can be divided into three categories according to its use and working conditions, namely cold work die steel, hot work die steel and plastic die steel. Due to its diversity and complexity of processing technology, many researchers have conducted extensive research on its thermal processing and chemical composition. After a lot of research, it was found that for tool steel, adjusting the structure and organization of the material through vacuum heat treatment can not only improve the mechanical properties of the material, but also improve the processing performance, so that it can meet the wide requirements in casting, forging, stamping and other fields.

Types and uses of cold working die steel

Cold work die steel refers to the die steel used to deform or form metal in a cold state. Since cold working dies mostly work at room temperature, the material has a large resistance to plastic deformation, the working stress of the die is large, and the working conditions are harsh, so this type of die performance generally requires sufficient strength, appropriate toughness, high hardness and wear resistance. Generally speaking, the wear resistance of the die has a certain proportional relationship with the hardness and yield strength.

In practical applications, some molds need to have good toughness while meeting high strength. There are many factors that affect the strength of cold working die steel, but the main ones are the content and distribution of carbon and alloying elements in the steel, the size of the grains, the uniformity of the distribution, and the existence of internal stress. In the actual production process, we can focus on the above points to improve the strength of the steel. As for the improvement of toughness, it is usually necessary to work hard on the vacuum heat treatment of steel. Cold working die steel often adopts a vacuum heat treatment process of vacuum hardening and low temperature tempering. In order to improve toughness, the tempering temperature can be appropriately increased, but at the same time it will also reduce the hardness of the steel. It is worth noting that while increasing the tempering temperature, it is necessary to avoid the irreversible tempering brittleness zone during the tempering process to prevent the decrease in toughness.