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Vacuum Heat Treatment Furnace

Vacuum Sintering Furnace

Vacuum Brazing Furnace

How does a vacuum furnace work

Vacuum heat treatment theory
Vacuum technology includes evacuation systems that enable vacuum furnaces to achieve different vacuum levels during the process. Vacuum level is expressed inversely to pressure level: high vacuum means low pressure. The vacuum level will change the vapor pressure of the material. The vapor pressure of a material is the pressure at which the material is in equilibrium with its own vapor at a certain temperature. Vapor pressure depends both on the material and on the temperature.
Potential process issues may arise when processing certain materials in a vacuum furnace. Take the 4-point temperature uniformity test at 538°C, 816°C, 982°C and 1,232°C as an example. This test usually takes 6 – 8 hours, with the vacuum rising during the furnace temperature to the test temperature. The reading is likely to increase. If you are using a consumable K-type thermocouple, then the reason for the increased reading is likely to be a problem with the vapor pressure of the test thermocouple.

Vacuum furnace vacuum system
The purpose of vacuum heat treatment is to prevent the heat-treated product from coming into contact with oxidizing elements. This is achieved by eliminating the atmosphere, since the vacuum pump creates a vacuum in the furnace chamber. The vacuuming system of the vacuum furnace is divided into several stages, which must be operated in sequence to achieve the desired vacuum level. Here we discuss these levels and possible solutions if one or more of them causes a system failure.
As just mentioned, the vacuuming system of the vacuum furnace is divided into several stages, which must be operated in sequence to achieve the desired vacuum level. Each pump in the system has the ability to achieve different vacuum levels, and they need to cooperate with each other when operating.

Design of high temperature zone of vacuum furnace
The high temperature zone in the vacuum furnace is where the heating takes place. Simply put, the hot zone is an insulated chamber suspended away from the internal cold wall. The vacuum itself is a good insulator, so the space between the cold wall and the high temperature zone ensures that the heat transfer from the inside of the furnace to the outside of the furnace is significantly reduced.There are two types of high-temperature zones used in vacuum furnaces: adiabatic and radiant. The two most commonly used heat shielding materials are molybdenum and graphite.

Vacuum furnace quenching system
Quenching is the operation of obtaining desired properties by rapidly cooling metal. Different alloys may require quenching at different rates to achieve the required properties.
Vacuum furnaces use inert gases when quenching is required. The gas absorbs heat as it flows through the charge, then leaves the furnace chamber and is cooled as it flows through the quenching tube. The cooled gas is returned to the furnace chamber to repeat the quenching process.